Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc yaz\u0131m\u0131zda T\u00fcrkiye’nin net tar\u0131msal sermaye stoklar\u0131n\u0131 analiz edece\u011fiz. Yani eldeki (araziler hari\u00e7) net sabit varl\u0131klara ait (bir y\u0131ldan fazla kullan\u0131lan) sabit k\u0131ymetli \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n amortismanlar\u0131, t\u00fcketim sermayeleri, kullan\u0131mdan kaynakl\u0131 de\u011fer kay\u0131plar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra geriye kalanlar\u0131n de\u011ferinin g\u00fcncel $ de\u011ferleri.<\/p>\n
Bir yer de \u00e7ift\u00e7inin elindeki envanterin piyasa \u00f6ncesi kazan\u00e7\/birikim de\u011feri, net de\u011feri.<\/p>\n
Yani amiyene tabirle yast\u0131k alt\u0131 de\u011feri.<\/p>\n
Cepteki net de\u011fer.<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi yaln\u0131zca \u00fcretim miktar\u0131na ya da verimlili\u011fe de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve altyap\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik de\u011ferine de ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda “Net Tar\u0131msal Sermaye Stoklar\u0131”, \u00fclkelerin elinde bulunan ve bir y\u0131ldan fazla s\u00fcreyle kullan\u0131lan sabit \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n (trakt\u00f6r, ekipman, bina, hayvan, sulama sistemi gibi) de\u011ferinin, amortismanlar ve kay\u0131plar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra g\u00fcncel dolar de\u011feriyle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu, tar\u0131m\u0131n \u201cyast\u0131k alt\u0131 serveti\u201d olarak da yorumlanabilir.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Genelinde Art\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f<\/p>\n
FAO verilerine g\u00f6re, 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnya genelindeki net tar\u0131msal sermaye stoklar\u0131 toplam\u0131 5,578 trilyon dolar iken bu rakam 2023’te %30,7 art\u0131\u015fla 7,291 trilyon dolara ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ancak T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in tablo bu k\u00fcresel y\u00fckseli\u015fin tam tersini yans\u0131t\u0131yor:<\/p>\n
2013\u2019te T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin net tar\u0131msal sermaye stoku 127,837 milyar $ idi.<\/p>\n
2023\u2019te bu rakam %29,78 azalarak 89,767 milyar $\u2019a geriledi.<\/p>\n
Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, yaln\u0131zca nominal de\u011fer olarak de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel ortalamaya k\u0131yasla da dikkat \u00e7ekici:<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya ortalamas\u0131na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye’nin dolar bazl\u0131 net tar\u0131msal varl\u0131k kayb\u0131 %60,5 seviyesinde.<\/p>\n
Bu da \u015fu anlama geliyor: T\u00fcrkiye’nin 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda sahip oldu\u011fu her 100 dolarl\u0131k tar\u0131msal sermaye varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda sadece 70 dolara d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fckselenler: \u00c7in, Hindistan, Endonezya<\/p>\n
2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda net tar\u0131msal sermaye stoklar\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek de\u011fere sahip ilk \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclke s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u00c7in (1,866 trilyon $), ABD (941,6 milyar $) ve Hindistan (796 milyar $) oldu.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in, 10 y\u0131lda %75,6 art\u0131\u015fla zirvede.<\/p>\n
Hindistan ve Endonezya gibi geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkeler ciddi art\u0131\u015flar ya\u015fad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Endonezya ve Nijerya, s\u0131ralamada \u00fc\u00e7er basamak y\u00fckselerek dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n
Avrupa\u2019dan \u00d6rnek: \u0130talya ve Japonya\u2019n\u0131n D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fayan ba\u015fka \u00fclkeler de var:<\/p>\n
Japonya %38,5<\/p>\n
\u0130talya %18,5 de\u011fer kayb\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Burada \u015f\u00f6yle bir tart\u0131\u015fama olabilir:<\/p>\n
\u00dclkeler yat\u0131r\u0131m yapma ihtiyac\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na gelmi\u015f, yat\u0131r\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131 daha ucuz teknolojiler ile de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f, tar\u0131msal faaliyetler \u015fekil, bi\u00e7im, t\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f, o y\u00fczden net sermaye stoklar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n
Ben bunlardan ikincisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakileri biz hari\u00e7 de\u011ferli bulmuyorum. \u00dclkelerin i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fik yorum yapma imkan\u0131m\u0131z var.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin; \u0130talya 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in Br\u00fct Sabit Sermaye Olu\u015fumu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan %62,2\u2019lik b\u00fcy\u00fck bir geli\u015fme rakam\u0131 yakalam\u0131\u015f idi. Oysa buradaki Net Sermaye Stokunda \u00f6nemli bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f var. Bunun anlam\u0131, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda ciddi anlamda, envanter eklemesi olmu\u015f olsa da mevcut envanterden kay\u0131plar\u0131n da olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, bu eklemeler dahi, mevcut envanterin 2013 seviyesine gelmesini sa\u011flayamam\u0131\u015f. Bana g\u00f6re, \u0130talya \u00f6zellikle sabit sermaye ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda son y\u0131llarda bir yenileme, yenilenme, yeni modellemeler \u00fczerinden daha teknolojik ve uygun \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ile eski-ya\u015fl\u0131 klasik ara\u00e7 ve yap\u0131lar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme noktas\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir ikileme d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Gerileyi\u015finin Anlam\u0131 Ne?<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’nin net sabit tar\u0131msal sermaye stoklar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, yap\u0131sal bir sorunun g\u00f6stergesi.<\/p>\n
Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f;<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131m ara\u00e7 ve altyap\u0131lar\u0131nda yat\u0131r\u0131m eksikli\u011fine,<\/p>\n
Amortisman ve kay\u0131plar\u0131n telafi edilememesine,<\/p>\n
Krediye ula\u015f\u0131m zorlu\u011funa,<\/p>\n
\u00c7ift\u00e7inin sekt\u00f6rden \u00e7ekilmesine i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n
Teknolojik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmle a\u00e7\u0131klanamayacak bu kay\u0131p, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tar\u0131msal altyap\u0131s\u0131nda ciddi bir erimenin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7:<\/p>\n
Tar\u0131m sadece tarlada de\u011fil, envanterde de g\u00fc\u00e7lenmeli. D\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri yat\u0131r\u0131mla net tar\u0131msal sermayelerini art\u0131r\u0131rken T\u00fcrkiye’nin bu alandaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, gelecekteki \u00fcretim kapasitesini ve g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehdit eden yap\u0131sal bir probleme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumda. Bu durum sadece \u00e7ift\u00e7inin de\u011fil, \u00fclkenin g\u0131da ve ekonomi politikalar\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da kritik bir sinyaldir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc yaz\u0131m\u0131zda T\u00fcrkiye’nin net tar\u0131msal sermaye stoklar\u0131n\u0131 analiz edece\u011fiz. Yani eldeki (araziler hari\u00e7) net sabit varl\u0131klara ait (bir y\u0131ldan fazla kullan\u0131lan) sabit k\u0131ymetli \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n amortismanlar\u0131, t\u00fcketim sermayeleri, kullan\u0131mdan kaynakl\u0131 de\u011fer kay\u0131plar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra geriye kalanlar\u0131n de\u011ferinin g\u00fcncel $ de\u011ferleri. Bir yer de \u00e7ift\u00e7inin elindeki envanterin piyasa \u00f6ncesi kazan\u00e7\/birikim de\u011feri, net de\u011feri. Yani amiyene tabirle …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3493,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-tarim-haberleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3492","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3492"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3492\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/topraktaumutvar.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}